No loom is used...it is all done "free handed" and the different types of beading techniques were taught to me when I was young. I would suggest you order a book on Native American beadwork, that shows the different types of stitchwork, such as Lazy Stitch and Applique Stitch (Flatwork), which are the two most popular for flat beadwork on leather (buckskin), then there is Brick Stitch, Peyote Stitch, etc, which is used for beading on round objects, like wooden handles, keychains, dance sticks, canes, etc. Now there is a type of beadwork known as Loom Beading, but it is used mostly for belts and hatbands, and not for knife sheaths.