If you have a window/glass specialty store anywhere near you, go in and see if they handle "Fireplace Glass"...... that is they type of glass to use on a platen. If they handle it, they can cut it any size you need. Now, getting it on the grinder requires a couple of specific things..... first a foremost is some type of "holder" for the glass, with a SHELF AT THE BOTTOM. This is to "catch" the glass should your adhesive fail during use. With a shelf, the glass gets sucked between the belt and the lower wheel.....and then it's a literal explosion of glass shards! Frankly, there is NOTHING that will work as well as glass on a platen. It runs much cooler, creates smoother grinds, and because of it's reduced drag, it can actually make your grinder feel like it's stronger then it actually is.
About the closest alternative would be some type of fully hardened steel. But coming from someone who's tried many type of fully hardened steels for platens..... it's a really poor alternative compared to the ceramic/fireplace glass.
I've never worried about rounding the edges of any platen..... I personally dislike square plunges....so all my radius work on a flat platen is created by running the belt past the edge, and letting it "roll over" the edge to create my plunges.